If you are switching from Windows and muscle memory keeps hitting F5 , you can remap keyboard shortcuts in System Settings > Keyboard > Keyboard Shortcuts > App Shortcuts . You can set F5 to trigger the "Reload Page" command in Safari or Chrome specifically.
If a website looks broken, isn't updating, or CSS/images seem stuck, you need a "Hard Reload." This forces the browser to ignore its local cache and download the latest version of the site from the server.
(without restarting)
Some applications do not support the universal reload command.