Ordinal Data: Nonparametric Statistical Analyses And Spss Applications Online

Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Example: Before vs. after intervention on an ordinal satisfaction scale.

| Research Question | Parametric Test (Avoid) | Nonparametric Test (Use) | SPSS Menu Path | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Differences between 2 independent groups | Independent t-test | | Analyze > Nonparametric > 2 Independent Samples | | Differences between 2 paired groups | Paired t-test | Wilcoxon Signed-Rank | Analyze > Nonparametric > 2 Related Samples | | Differences among 3+ independent groups | One-Way ANOVA | Kruskal-Wallis H | Analyze > Nonparametric > K Independent Samples | Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Example: Before vs

When you want to see if two ordinal variables are related (e.g., Does "Job Satisfaction" correlate with "Employee Loyalty"?), Spearman’s Rho is the standard choice. Analyze > Correlate > Bivariate (Check the "Spearman"

Analyze > Correlate > Bivariate (Check the "Spearman" box) A value <

In the Test Statistics table, look at the Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) . A value < .05 indicates a significant change occurred between the two time points. You can interpret the direction of change by examining the "Ranks" table, which shows the number of "Negative Ranks" (decreased scores) and "Positive Ranks" (increased scores).

Analyze > Nonparametric Tests > Independent Samples